1.背景
项目中经常会有上传和下载的需求,这篇文章简述一下springboot项目中实现简单的上传和下载。
2.代码工程
实验目标
实现简单的文件上传和下载
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId> <groupId>com.et</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>file</artifactId> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
controller
Web项目中,文件的上传和下载服务也是基于HTTP请求的,文件上传由于需要向服务接口提交数据,可以使用POST的请求方式,而文件的下载只是获取数据,因此可以使用GET请求方式。
package com.et.controller; import com.et.bean.FileInfo; import com.et.service.FileUploadService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.core.io.Resource; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; @RestController public class HelloWorldController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public Map<String, Object> showHelloWorld(){ Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("msg", "HelloWorld"); return map; } @Autowired private FileUploadService fileUploadService; /** * upload * * @param files * @return */ @PostMapping("/upload") public ResponseEntity<String> upload(@RequestParam("files") MultipartFile[] files) { fileUploadService.upload(files); return ResponseEntity.ok("File Upload Success"); } /** * files * * @return */ @GetMapping("/files") public ResponseEntity<List<FileInfo>> list() { return ResponseEntity.ok(fileUploadService.list()); } /** * get file by name * * @param fileName * @return */ @GetMapping("/files/{fileName:.+}") public ResponseEntity<Resource> getFile(@PathVariable("fileName") String fileName) { return ResponseEntity.ok().header(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_DISPOSITION, "attachment; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"").body(fileUploadService.getFile(fileName)); } }
service
创建好指定的文件存放路径文件夹后,上传逻辑只需要将接收到的文件数据赋值到指定路径后即可。
file.getInputStream()
,接收文件参数的对应字节流this.path.resolve(file.getOriginalFilename())
,指定的path路径拼接接收文件的原始名称作为文件的路径信息Files.copy()
,复制文件的方法
文件的下载逻辑是根据指定的文件名称到文件资源文件夹中获取,如果存在则返回文件。
this.path.resolve(fileName)
,构建文件全路径new UrlResource(file.toUri())
,根据文件路径创建URL源resource.exists() && resource.isReadable()
,文件存在并且可读时返回
package com.et.service; import com.et.bean.FileInfo; import org.springframework.core.io.Resource; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import java.util.List; public interface FileUploadService { void upload(MultipartFile[] files); List < FileInfo > list(); Resource getFile(String fileName); }
package com.et.service.impl; import com.et.bean.FileInfo; import com.et.service.FileUploadService; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; import org.springframework.core.io.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.util.FileCopyUtils; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList; @Service @Slf4j public class FileUploadServiceImpl implements FileUploadService { @Value("${upload.path:/data/upload/}") private String filePath; private static final List<FileInfo> FILE_STORAGE = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>(); @Override public void upload(MultipartFile[] files) { SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); for (MultipartFile file : files) { String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); boolean match = FILE_STORAGE.stream().anyMatch(fileInfo -> fileInfo.getFileName().equals(fileName)); if (match) { throw new RuntimeException("File [ " + fileName + " ] already exist"); } String currentTime = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()); try (InputStream in = file.getInputStream(); OutputStream out = Files.newOutputStream(Paths.get(filePath + fileName))) { FileCopyUtils.copy(in, out); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("File [{}] upload failed", fileName, e); throw new RuntimeException(e); } FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo().setFileName(fileName).setUploadTime(currentTime); FILE_STORAGE.add(fileInfo); } } @Override public List<FileInfo> list() { return FILE_STORAGE; } @Override public Resource getFile(String fileName) { FILE_STORAGE.stream() .filter(info -> info.getFileName().equals(fileName)) .findFirst() .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("File [ " + fileName + " ] not exist")); File file = new File(filePath + fileName); return new FileSystemResource(file); } }
application.properties
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=150MB spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=200MB spring.servlet.multipart.file-size-threshold=100MB upload.path=/Users/liuhaihua/tmp/
以上只是一些关键代码,所有代码请参见下面代码仓库
代码仓库
https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo(File)
3.测试
启动Spring Boot应用
使用postman请求下载接口时,接口返回文件,postman会直接解析文件内容,如果无法正确解析则会显示乱码信息。如果在浏览器请求接口时,返回文件时浏览器会弹出下载文件的提示。
下载测试
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