现如今，大家在很多网站上留言等，都会显示归属地。例如本站的问答模块，只要回答问题，他也会显示ip归属地，如下图：
这里我们提供一个公共免费的获取ip归属地的网址：
https://whois.pconline.com.cn/ipJson.jsp
这个地址，我们通过传递给他一个ip，他就会返回当前的ip归属地信息。下面我们使用java的方式编写一个根据ip获取归属地的工具类，在真实的环境中，直接开箱即用。
此工具类一共分为两部分：
第一部分是一个公共的ip获取类，可以通过request来获取到用户真实的ip，代码如下：
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**
* IP地址 工具类
*
*/
public class IpUtils {
/**
* 获取客户端IP地址
*/
public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
if (request == null) {
return "unknown";
}
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
return "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip) ? "127.0.0.1" : getMultistageReverseProxyIp(ip);
}
/**
* 检查是否为内部IP地址
*
* @param ip IP地址
*/
public static boolean internalIp(String ip) {
byte[] addr = textToNumericFormatV4(ip);
return internalIp(addr) || "127.0.0.1".equals(ip);
}
/**
* 检查是否为内部IP地址
*
* @param addr byte地址
*/
private static boolean internalIp(byte[] addr) {
if (addr == null || addr.length < 2) {
return true;
}
final byte b0 = addr[0];
final byte b1 = addr[1];
// 10.x.x.x/8
final byte SECTION_1 = 0x0A;
// 172.16.x.x/12
final byte SECTION_2 = (byte) 0xAC;
final byte SECTION_3 = (byte) 0x10;
final byte SECTION_4 = (byte) 0x1F;
// 192.168.x.x/16
final byte SECTION_5 = (byte) 0xC0;
final byte SECTION_6 = (byte) 0xA8;
switch (b0) {
case SECTION_1:
return true;
case SECTION_2:
if (b1 >= SECTION_3 && b1 <= SECTION_4) {
return true;
}
case SECTION_5:
if (b1 == SECTION_6) {
return true;
}
default:
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将IPv4地址转换成字节
*
* @param text IPv4地址
* @return byte 字节
*/
public static byte[] textToNumericFormatV4(String text) {
if (text.length() == 0) {
return null;
}
byte[] bytes = new byte[4];
String[] elements = text.split("\\.", -1);
try {
long l;
int i;
switch (elements.length) {
case 1:
l = Long.parseLong(elements[0]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 4294967295L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[0] = (byte) (int) (l >> 24 & 0xFF);
bytes[1] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFFFF) >> 16 & 0xFF);
bytes[2] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFF) >> 8 & 0xFF);
bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
break;
case 2:
l = Integer.parseInt(elements[0]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[0] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
l = Integer.parseInt(elements[1]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 16777215L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[1] = (byte) (int) (l >> 16 & 0xFF);
bytes[2] = (byte) (int) ((l & 0xFFFF) >> 8 & 0xFF);
bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
break;
case 3:
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
l = Integer.parseInt(elements[i]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[i] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
}
l = Integer.parseInt(elements[2]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 65535L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[2] = (byte) (int) (l >> 8 & 0xFF);
bytes[3] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
break;
case 4:
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
l = Integer.parseInt(elements[i]);
if ((l < 0L) || (l > 255L)) {
return null;
}
bytes[i] = (byte) (int) (l & 0xFF);
}
break;
default:
return null;
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
return null;
}
return bytes;
}
/**
* 获取本地IP地址
*
* @return 本地IP地址
*/
public static String getHostIp() {
try {
return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException ignored) {
}
return "127.0.0.1";
}
/**
* 获取主机名
*
* @return 本地主机名
*/
public static String getHostName() {
try {
return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();
} catch (UnknownHostException ignored) {
}
return "未知";
}
/**
* 从反向代理中，获得第一个非 unknown IP地址
*/
public static String getMultistageReverseProxyIp(String ip) {
// 反向代理检测
if (ip.indexOf(",") > 0) {
final String[] ips = ip.trim().split(",");
for (String sub : ips) {
if (!"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sub)) {
ip = sub;
break;
}
}
}
return ip;
}
}第二部分是公共的根据把ip传递给服务器，服务器返回对应的ip归属地，完整代码如下：
import cn.hutool.http.HttpUtil;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 获取真实地址
*
*/
@Slf4j
public class AddressUtils {
// 实时查询
public static final String ADDRESS_URL = "https://whois.pconline.com.cn/ipJson.jsp";
public static final String UNKNOWN = "未知";
public static String getAddressByIP(String ip) {
// 内网
if (IpUtils.internalIp(ip)) {
return "内网IP";
}
try {
Map<String, Object> paramMap = new HashMap<>();
paramMap.put("ip", ip);
paramMap.put("json", true);
String response = HttpUtil.get(ADDRESS_URL, paramMap);
if (StringUtils.isBlank(response)) {
log.error("根据IP获取地址异常 {}", ip);
return UNKNOWN;
}
Address address = JSONUtil.toBean(response, Address.class);
return String.format("%s %s", address.getPro(), address.getCity());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("根据IP获取地址异常 {}", ip);
}
return UNKNOWN;
}
@Data
static class Address {
/**
* 省
*/
private String pro;
/**
* 市
*/
private String city;
}
}最后我们测试一下，看看效果，测试代码如下：
public static void main(String[] args) {
String addressByIP = AddressUtils.getAddressByIP("36.192.183.255");
System.out.println(addressByIP);
}运行后，可以看到这个ip显示的是福建省厦门市
至此根据ip查询ip归属地的公共免费接口代码就实现了。真实环境直接开箱即可就可以了。
备注：
1、运行此代码，需要在maven中引入如下3个依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/cn.hutool/hutool-all -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.8.16</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
还没有评论，来说两句吧...